War slows down world economy - IMF predicts 3.1% growth in 2026, down from 3.4% previously

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has lowered its global economic growth forecast for 2026 to 3.1 percent in its World Economic Outlook report, while maintaining its forecast for 2027 at 3.2 percent.
This marks a slowdown from the estimated 3.4 percent growth achieved in 2025. The forecast includes the impact of the war and assumes that it will be limited in duration, intensity and scope, with disruptions fading by mid-2026. According to the baseline forecast, global inflation is expected to increase to 4.4 percent in 2026 and fall to 3.7 percent in 2027.
If the conflict and the subsequent rise in oil prices last longer, global economic growth in 2026 will fall to 2.5 percent, while global inflation will rise to 5.4 percent, according to the report.
In extreme cases, global economic growth in 2026 could fall to two percent, the report warned.
With great uncertainty over the conflict in the Middle East weighing on finance officials gathered for the IMF and World Bank spring meetings in Washington, the IMF presented three growth scenarios: weaker, worse and severe, depending on how the war unfolds.
The World Economic Outlook’s most optimistic “baseline scenario” assumes a short-term war in Iran and projects real GDP growth of 3.1% in 2026, 0.2 percentage points lower than the previous forecast in January. Under this scenario, oil prices average $82 per barrel for all of 2026, down from recent levels of around $100 for Brent futures.
Absent the conflict in the Middle East, the IMF said it would have improved the growth outlook by 0.1 percentage point to 3.4%, due to a continued boom in technology investment, lower interest rates, less harsh US tariffs and fiscal support in some countries.
But the war has created a much greater risk to the global economy than President Donald Trump's initial wave of high tariffs a year ago, said IMF chief economist Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas.
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